function.array-merge.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Führt ein oder mehrere Arrays zusammen</title>
</head>
<body><div class="manualnavbar" style="text-align: center;">
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</div><hr /><div id="function.array-merge" class="refentry">
<div class="refnamediv">
<h1 class="refname">array_merge</h1>
<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">array_merge</span> — <span class="dc-title">Führt ein oder mehrere Arrays zusammen</span></p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.array-merge-description">
<h3 class="title">Beschreibung</h3>
<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
<span class="type">array</span> <span class="methodname"><strong>array_merge</strong></span>
( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter">$array1</code></span>
[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter">$array2</code></span>
[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter">$...</code></span>
]] )</div>
<p class="para rdfs-comment">
<span class="function"><strong>array_merge()</strong></span> fügt die Elemente von einem oder
mehreren Arrays zusammen, indem die Werte des einen an das Ende des
anderen angehängt werden. Das daraus resultierende Array wird
zurückgegeben.
</p>
<p class="para">
Haben die angegebenen Arrays die selben String-Schlüssel, dann
wird der hintere Wert dieses Schlüssels den vorhergehenden
überschreiben. Haben die Arrays den gleichen numerischen
Schlüssel, dann wird der hintere Wert den vorhergehenden <em class="emphasis">nicht</em> überschreiben, sondern angehängt.
</p>
<p class="para">
Falls nur ein Array angegeben und dieses numerisch indiziert ist, wird das
Array fortlaufend neu nummeriert.
</p>
<p class="para">
<div class="example" id="example-4922">
<p><strong>Beispiel #1 <span class="function"><strong>array_merge()</strong></span></strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000">
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$array1 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"farbe" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"rot"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">4</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array2 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"a"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"b"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"farbe" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"grün"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"form" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"trapezoid"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">4</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_merge</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array2</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
</span>
</code></div>
</div>
<div class="example-contents"><p>
Nun ist <em>$result</em>:
</p></div>
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
Array
(
[farbe] => grün
[0] => 2
[1] => 4
[2] => a
[3] => b
[form] => trapezoid
[4] => 4
)
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p class="para">
<div class="example" id="example-4923">
<p><strong>Beispiel #2 Einfaches <span class="function"><strong>array_merge()</strong></span> Beispiel</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000">
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$array1 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array();<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array2 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"data"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_merge</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array2</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
</span>
</code></div>
</div>
<div class="example-contents"><p>
Vergessen Sie nicht, dass numerische Schlüssel neu numeriert werden!
</p></div>
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
Array
(
[0] => data
)
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="example-contents"><p>
Wenn Sie die Arrays komplett erhalten und nur eines an das andere
anhängen wollen, verwenden Sie den Operator <em>+</em>:
</p></div>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000">
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$array1 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array();<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array2 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"data"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array1 </span><span style="color: #007700">+ </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array2</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
</span>
</code></div>
</div>
<div class="example-contents"><p>
Der numerische Schlüssel sowie die Assoziation bleiben erhalten.
</p></div>
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
Array
(
[1] => data
)
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warnung</strong>
<p class="para">
Das Verhalten von <span class="function"><strong>array_merge()</strong></span> wurde in PHP 5 geändert.
Anders als in PHP 4 akzeptiert <span class="function"><strong>array_merge()</strong></span> jetzt nur
noch Parameter vom Typ <span class="type"><a href="language.types.array.html" class="type array">array</a></span>. Man kann jedoch Typumwandlung
verwenden, um andere Typen zusammenzuführen. Schauen Sie für Details in das
Beispiel unten.
</p>
<p class="para">
<div class="example" id="example-4924">
<p><strong>Beispiel #3 <span class="function"><strong>array_merge()</strong></span> PHP 5 Beispiel</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000">
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$beginning </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'foo'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$end </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'bar'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_merge</span><span style="color: #007700">((array)</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$beginning</span><span style="color: #007700">, (array)</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$end</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
</span>
</code></div>
</div>
<div class="example-contents"><p>Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende
Ausgabe:</p></div>
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
Array
(
[0] => foo
[1] => bar
)
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<p class="para">
Siehe auch <span class="function"><a href="function.array-merge-recursive.html" class="function">array_merge_recursive()</a></span>,
<span class="function"><a href="function.array-combine.html" class="function">array_combine()</a></span> und
<a href="language.operators.array.html" class="link">array operators</a>.
</p>
</div>
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